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*1)MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦ : MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ ¿ì¿ïÁõÄ¡·á¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì, ±× °á°ú Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ¸¹Àº CA(µµÆÄ´Ñ, ¾Æµå·¹³¯¸°)°¡ »ý»êµÊ ==>°ú´Ù»ý»êµÈ À׿©CA´Â ¿ÀÈ÷·Á MAOÅëÇØ ´ë»çµÇ´Âµ¥, ÀÌ °úÁ¤¿¡ µ¶¼ºshunt°¡ ¸¸µé¾îÁ®¼­ ¸ÞÄ¥¾Æ¹Î »ý¼ºÁõ°¡...¶§·Î, ÀÌ MAO°æ·ÎÀÇ Toxic ShuntÈ°¼ºÀ» È÷Æ丮½Ã(¼º¿äÇÑ Ç®..MAO-AÂ÷´Ü·ÂÀÌ Bº¸´Ù ´õ ¼À..¿ø·¡´Â ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ´ë»ç¸¦ °¨¼Ò½Ãų ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ë)´Â Â÷´ÜÇÏ°í [°ú´Ù»ý»êµÈ À׿© CAÀ»] ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¾ø´Â COMT°æ·ÎÂÊÀ¸·Î ´ë»çµÇµµ·Ï À¯µµ)...´õºÒ¾î À嵶¼ÒÁ¦°Å/Ç÷´ç-Ç÷¾ÐÁ¶Àý/ÆнºÆ®Çªµå ±ÝÁö Ãßõ

*2)COMT¾ïÁ¦Á¦ : ÁÖ·Î ÆÄŲ½¼º´Ä¡·á¿¡ »ç¿ë ==>µµÆĹΰú´Ù½Ã MAO-BÈ¿¼ÒÈ°¼º°æ·Î¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â toxic shunt°¡ È°¼ºÈ­ µÇ¾î ¸ÞÆ¿¾Æ¹Î»ý¼º-->H2Q2, ¾Ï¸ð´Ï¾Æ, Æ÷¸§¾Ëµ¥È÷µå Áõ°¡, ±× °á°ú ¿ª½Ã ½Å°æ¼öÃʼջó ¾ß±â...ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¸ÞÆ¿ °ø±ÞÀÚÀΠBcomp(ÁÖÀÇ-metB12, MetFolateÇüŶó¾ß ÇÔ), SAMe Åõ¿©½Ã COMTÂÊ ´ë»ç°¡ È°¼ºµÇ¹Ç·Î ±³Á¤ °¡´É...ÀÌ ¸ÞÆ¿BºñŸ¹Î, SAMe´Â µµÆĹΠµ¶¼ºÁ¦°ÅÁ¦/µµÆĹΰáÇ̱³Á¤Á¦·Î »ç¿ë°¡´É..(ÆÄŲ½¼º´Ä¡·áÁ¦·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â COMT¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ °ø±Þ½Ã, L-dopa°¡ °ú´ÙÃàÀûµÇ´Âµ¥ ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ MAO-B·Î ´ë»çµÊ°ú µ¿½Ã¿¡ »ý±â´Â µ¶¼º¼ÇÆ® ÅëÇØ »ý¼ºµÇ´Â µµÆĹλêÈ­¹°/µ¶¼º¿°Áõ¹°ÁúÀÌ DA chrome/DOPA Quinone À¯µµÃ¼(L-DOPA¶Ç´Â DA¿¡ H2O2°¡ °áÇÕÇÏ¿© »ý¼ºµÊ)..ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÆÄŲ½¼º´°ú ¾ËÃ÷ÇÏÀ̸Ӻ´¿¡¼­ ¸ðµÎ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ Çö»ó).. ¸ÞÄ¥±â°¡ °ø±ÞµÇ¸é À¯µ¶¼º QuinoneÀ¯µµÃ¼µéÀ» ÁßÈ­½ÃÅ´....¶ÇÇÑ ¾ßä°úÀÏ µîÀÇ ½Ä¹°¿µ¾ç¼Ò/Ç×»êÈ­¹°Áú(±Û·çŸġ¿Â SOD)¼·Ãë ÇÊ¿ä...¹ßº´Ãʱ⿡´Â ¸ÞÄ¥BºñŸ¹Î+SAME°¡ Áß¿ä, ÆÄŲ½¼º´/Ä¡¸Å ¾àÁ¦¸¦ Åõ¿©ÁßÀ̶ó¸é °á±¹, ¸ðµç NTµéÀÇ ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» À§Çؼ­´Â µµÆĹÎ-¾Æµå·¹³¯¸°°ú´Ù½Ã´Â È÷Æ丮½Ã+ methylBcomp, SAMeÀ» ºñ·ÔÇÑ º¸Á¶¼ö´Üµé ¸ðµÎ°¡ ÇÊ¿ä..

==============================

#¼¼·ÎÅä´ÑÁõÈıº((¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ »ó½Â±âÀüÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â MAOI ¸¶¿Àºñ(¼¿·¹Áú¸°)[Ç×ÆÄŲ½¼Á¦] ¶Ç´Â SSRI ·º»çÇÁ·Î(¿¡½º½ÃÅ»·ÎÇÁ¶÷)[Ç׿ïÁ¦] °ú´Ùº¹¿ë)) :: ½Å°æ°èÀÇ ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ³óµµ°¡ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô »ó½Â/ÃàÀûµÇ¾î ¹ß»ý...Á¤½Å»óÅÂÀÇ º¯È­-ÀÚÀ²½Å°æÀÇ °ú´ÙÈ°¼º-½Å°æ±ÙÀ° ÀÌ»óÀÇ 3ÁÖÁõÀÌ Æ¯Â¡....³ôÀº ü¿Â(µ¿°è, °íÇ÷¾Ð, ¹ßÇÑ), ±¸¿ª-¼³»ç, ±ÙÀ° ¿¬Ãà(ÁøÀü, °­Á÷), ºÒ¾È(ÃÊÁ¶, ¾ÈÀýºÎÀý, ½±°Ô ³î¶÷, È¥µ·) ¶Ç´Â ¼¶¸ÁÀ» À¯¹ß

=============================

*MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦ : ´ë°³ ¿ì¿ïÁõÄ¡·á¿¡ »ç¿ë ::: 

---¸ð³ë¾Æ¹Î»êÈ­È¿¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦(monoamine oxidase inhibitors, MAOI) »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë:

ÁÖ¿ä »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀÇ ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é ÁßÃ߽Űæ°è ÀÛ¿ë¾à¹°ÀÌ °¡Àå ¸¹Àº ºñÁßÀ» Â÷Áö. ¸ð³ë¾Æ¹Î»êÈ­È¿¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦(monoamine oxidase inhibitors, MAOI)´Â ³»Àμº, ¿ÜÀμº ¾Æ¹ÎÀ» ´ë»çÇÏ¿© ºÐÇØÇϸç MAO-A, MAO-B µ¿Á¾È¿¼Ò·Î¼­ ¼±ÅÃÀû ¾ïÁ¦Á¦´Â °ú·® Åõ¿© ½Ã ¼±ÅüºÀ» »ó½Ç. A-¼±ÅÃÀûÀÎ MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦´Â Ç׿ì¿ïÁ¦·Î¼­ moclobemide¿Í toloxatoneÀº ±¹³»¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,  B-¼±ÅÃÀûÀÎ selegiline(¸¶¿Àºñ), rasagilineÀº Ç×ÆÄŲ½¼Á¦¹ ·Î ¾²ÀÌ°í, ±¹³»¿¡¼­ ÇöÀç selegiline ¸¸ »ç¿ë.

¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ÀçÈí¼ö ¾ïÁ¦ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ÀÖ´Â Ç׿ïÁ¦[ƯÈ÷ ÃßÀ§Å¸´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°ÔGood]¾à¹°Àº ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÎ ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ÀçÈí¼ö ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ (SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)ÀÎ citalopram, escitalopram(·º»çÇÁ·Î), fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline°ú ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ-³ë¸£¿¡Çdz×ÇÁ¸° ÀçÈí¼ö ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ (SNRI, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors)ÀÎ duloxetine, nefazodone, venlafaxine µîÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌµé ¾à¹°°ú MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦ º´¿ë ½Ã (ºñ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÎ °Í°ú ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÎ °Í, ¾àÇÑ MAOI ÀÛ¿ëÀ» °¡Áø furazolidone, procarbazine, linezolid¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔ) ½É°¢ÇÑ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀ» À¯¹ßÇϹǷΠº´¿ë±Ý±â.

MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦ Áß´Ü ÈÄ 2ÁÖ µÚ MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÇ È¿·ÂÀÌ »ó½ÇµÈ ÈÄ SSRI/SNRI¸¦ Åõ¿© ÇÊ·á, ¿ªÀ¸·Î SSRI/SNRI ÁßÁö ÈÄ¿¡µµ 2ÁÖ °æ°ú µÚ MAO ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ Åõ¿© °³½Ã ÇÊ¿ä. FluoxetineÀº °°Àº °è¿­ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¾à¹°¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ±ä ¹Ý°¨±â¸¦ °¡Áö¹Ç·Î ´õ ¿À·£ Åõ¾à ÁßÁö ÇÊ¿ä. Fluoxetine Åõ¿© ÁßÁö ÈÄ 5ÁÖ °æ°ú µÚ MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦ Åõ¿© °³½Ã.

MAOI·Î ºÐ·ùµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ¸³ª MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿Í À¯»çÇÑ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» °¡Áö¸ç »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¾àÇÑ MAO¾ïÁ¦ÀÛ¿ëÀ» °¡Áø ¾à¹°·Î procarbazine, linezolid, furazolidoneÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¹®ÇåÀÚ·á¿¡¼­ Àý´ëÀûÀÎ º´¿ë±Ý±â·Î ±ÔÁ¤Çϱ⵵ Çϸç MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦°¡ À¯¹ßÇÏ´Â »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀÇ ½É°¢µµ·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇØ MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿Í °°ÀÌ ¿ì¿ïÁõÄ¡·áÁ¦¸¦ º´¿ë ½Ã 14ÀÏ°£ÀÇ Åõ¿©°£°ÝÀ» µÎ¶ó. ÆíµÎÅë Ä¡·á¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Àϸí triptan °è¿­ ¾à¹°Àº Selective serotonin receptor type 1 (5-HT1) È¿´É ¾à¹°À̸ç, monoamine°ú À¯»çÇÑ ±¸Á¶·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¾à¹°ÀÌ Ã¼³»¿¡¼­ MAO È¿¼Ò¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ´ë»çµÊÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© º´¿ë ½Ã ¾à¹°»óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ Å©¸ç ÁÖÀÇÇÏ¿© Åõ¿©.

^^MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿Í »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ÀÖ´Â Ç׿ì¿ïÁ¦

Non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors, 

---TCAs Æ÷ÇÔAmitriptyline, Amoxapine, lomipramine, Desipramine*, Dibenzepin*, Dosulepin, Doxepin, Imipramine, Lofepramine*, Maprotiline, Nortriptyline, Opipramol*, Protriptyline*, Trimipramine*

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)

---Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluoxetine, Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Zimeldine*

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, non-selective (MAOI)

---Iproclozide*, Iproniazide*, Isocarboxazid*, Nialamide*, Phenelzine*, Tranylcypromine*

Monoamine oxidase A inhibitors(MAOI-A)

---Moclobemide, Toloxatone

Other antidepressants

---Duloxetine*, Mianserin, Minaprine*, Mirtazapine, Nefazodone*, Oxitriptan, Reboxetine*, Trazodone, Venlafaxine, Viloxazine* SNRI (selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor) : duloxetine*, nefazodone*, venlafaxine²

^^ MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿Í SSRIÀÇ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë

¼ººÐ¸íMAOIs

---selegiline, mobeclomide, toloxataneSSRI, SNRIs(serotonin reuptake inhibitors)

»óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë: 3) ¿°»ê Ç÷ç¿Á¼¼Æ¾°ú º´¿ëÅõ¿©½Ã ÃÊÁ¶, °íÇ÷¾Ð, °æ·Ã, ¿îµ¿½ÇÁ¶, ȯ°¢, Á¶º´ÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î º´¿ëÅõ¿©±ÝÁö. Ç÷ç¿Á¼¼Æ¾ÀÇ ±ä ¹Ý°¨±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Ç÷ç¿Á¼¼Æ¾ Åõ¿© Áß´ÜÈÄ Àû¾îµµ 5ÁÖÈÄ¿¡ ÀÌ ¾àÀÇ Åõ¿©¸¦ ½ÃÀÛ. Ç÷ç¿Á¼¼Æ¾ Åõ¿©´Â ÀÌ ¾à Åõ¿© Áß´ÜÈÄ 14ÀÏ°¿¡ ½ÃÀÛ°¡´É .»óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë: MAO ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ - MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦ º¹¿ëÀ» ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ Áß´ÜÇÏ°í ÀÌ ¾à º¹¿ëÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿´°Å³ª, MAO ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÇ º¹¿ë ½ÃÀÛ Àü¿¡ ÀÌ ¾à Ä¡·á¸¦ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ¹Þ¾Ò´ø ȯÀڵ鿡°Ô¼­ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ, ÀϺο¡¼­´Â ½É°¢ÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ» º¸°í. SSRI´Â ³ë¸£¿¡Çdz×ÇÁ¸°°ú ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ÀçÈí¼ö Â÷´ÜÁ¦À̹ǷÎ, ÀÌ ¾àÀº MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿Í º´¿ë Åõ¿©ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Å³ª ¶Ç´Â MAO¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÇ Ä¡·á Áß´Ü ÈÄ Àû¾îµµ 14 ÀÏ À̳»¿¡´Â »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷.

MAO inhibitor Åõ¿© Àü duloxetine ÃÖ¼Ò 5ÀÏ/ citalopram,escitalopram,fluvoxamine,paroxetine, sertraline ÃÖ¼Ò 2ÁÖ/ fluoxetine ÃÖ¼Ò 5ÁÖ Áß´Ü, MAO inhibiotr Áß´Ü ÈÄ ÃÖ¼Ò 2ÁÖ ÈÄ¿¡ SRI Åõ¿©

»óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë È¿°úserotonin syndrome (CNS irritability/±Ù±äÀå Áõ°¡/¿ÀÇÑ/°£´ë¼º±Ù°æ·Ã/Àǽĺ¯È­) ¹ßÇö

»óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë ±âÀüexcessive serotonin accumulation ...½É°¢µµ major ¹ßÇö½Ã±ârapid

º´ÇàÅõ¿©½Ã ½É°¢ÇÑ, °¡²û Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ ¹ÝÀÀµé(°íü¿Â, °æÁ÷, °£´ë¼º ±Ù°æ·Ã, ÀÚÀ²ÀûÀÎ ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤°ú »ý¸í¡ÈÄÀÇ °¡´ÉÇÑ ±Þ°ÝÇÑ º¯µ¿, Á¤½ÅÂø¶õ°ú È¥¼ö»óÅ·Π¹ßÀüÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Á¤½ÅÀû »óȲ º¯È­¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ±ØµµÀÇ ÈïºÐ)ÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³².

serotonin syndrome (CNS irritability/±Ù±äÀå Áõ°¡/¿ÀÇÑ/°£´ë¼º±Ù°æ·Ã/Àǽĺ¯È­) ¹ßÇö

SRIs¿ÍÀÇ º´¿ëÅõ¿©±Ý±â(ex. Ç׿ì¿ïÁ¦: Citalopram, Fluoxetin, Fluvoxamin, Paroxetin) 

ÁÖÀÇ: ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ¼ö¿ëü¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ¾à¹°Àº Selegilin Ä¡·á Áß´Ü ÈÄ ÃÖ¼Ò 2ÁÖ ÈÄ Åõ¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Selegilin Ä¡·á¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ÃÖ¼Ò 1ÁÖÀÏ µ¿¾È Áö¼Ó Åõ¿©ÇؾßÇÑ´Ù(Fluoxetin°æ¿ì ÃÖ¼Ò 5ÁÖ)

serotonin ¸¸ °ü·ÃµÈ Ç׿ì¿ïÁ¦ (citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline) º´¿ëÀº ÁÖÀÇ°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÔ (need caution). serotonin syndrome À¯¹ß À§Çè

===================================

*COMT¾ïÁ¦Á¦ : ´ë°³ ÆÄŲ½¼º´Ä¡·á¿¡ »ç¿ë

ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÇ ³»°úÀû Ä¡·áÀÇ °³¿ä   (Medical treatment of Parkinson's disease)

* ÆÄŲ½¼º´ Ä¡·áÀÇ À¯Çü 

ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÇ Ä¡·á´Â Å©°Ô 3°¡Áö·Î ³ª´©¾î º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ù°´Â ´ëÁõ¿ä¹ýÀ¸·Î ÇöÀçÀÇ Â¡Èĸ¦ È£Àü½ÃÅ°´Â ¹æ¹ý, µÑ°´Â º¸È£ Ä¡·á·Î¼­ ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÇ º´Å»ý¸®Àû ÁøÇà °úÁ¤À» Â÷´ÜÇÏ·Á´Â ¹æ¹ý. ¼¼ ¹ø°´Â ȸº¹½ÃÅ°´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î¼­ »õ·Î¿î ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ °ø±ÞÇϰųª ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ¼ºÀåÀ» ÀÚ±ØÇÏ°í ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ¼¼Æ÷µéÀÇ ±â´ÉÀ» Çâ»ó½ÃÅ°´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÓ. ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ´ëÁõ¿ä¹ýÀ¸·Î´Â ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ ÀÖ°í, º¸È£Ä¡·á¿¡´Â µµÆĹΠ±æÇ×Á¦, COMT ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ µîÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ȸº¹½ÃÅ°´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡´Â žƼ¼Æ÷³ª ÇâÈÄ °³¹ßµÉ Áٱ⼼Æ÷ ÁÖÀÔ µîÀÌ ÀÖÀ½.    

 * ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ Ä¡·á¿¡ µµÀԵDZ⠱îÁöÀÇ ¿ª»ç ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÌ µµÆĹÎÀ̶ó´Â ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°ÁúÀÇ ºÎÁ· ¶§¹®¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀº 1960³â´ë¿¡ ¾Ë·ÁÁ³À½. µµÆĹÎÀº ³ú-Ç÷°ü À庮(Brain-Blood Barrior, BBB)¸¦ Åë°úÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Ä¡·á È¿°ú¸¦ ±â´ë³­¸Á... µåµð¾î Koziaz°¡ ³ú-Ç÷°ü À庮À» Åë°úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â µµÆĹÎÀÇ Àü±¸¹°ÁúÀÎ ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ °³¹ßÇÔÀ¸·Î¼­ ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÇ Ä¡·á¿¡ ȹ±âÀûÀÎ °è±â¸¦ ¸¶·Ã... ±×·¯³ª ·¹º¸µµÆÄ·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¸¸¼º ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¼Ó¹ßµÇ¸é¼­ Ä¡·áÁ¦·Î¼­ ¼±°áÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ¸¹Àº ³­Á¦¸¦ ÀνÄ.   

 * ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀº ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ ¸¸¼ºÀû º¹¿ë½Ã¼­ ¿îµ¿ µ¿¿ä(motor fluctuation), ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿Áõ, ½Ã°¢ ȯ°¢ µîÀÌ ¹ß»ý.   

 * ¿îµ¿ µ¿¿ä(motor fluctuation)À̶õ  

 * ·¹º¸µµÆÄ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀº ÀþÀº ÀÌȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ´õ Àß ¹ß»ý.  

 * ·¹º¸µµÆÄ ÀÌÈÄ ¾à¹°Ä¡·áÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀº ·¹º¸µµÆÄ´Â Áõ»ó °³¼±À» À§ÇÑ Ä¡·á ¾à¹°Áß °¡Àå È¿°úÀûÀÎ ¾à¹°·Î ÇöÀç±îÁö ¸¹ÀÌ È°¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ °³¹ßµÇ°í 30³âÀÌ Áö³­ Áö±Ý±îÁö ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÇ ¾à¹°Ä¡·á¿¡ »ó´çÇÑ ¹ßÀüÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. À̸¦ Å©°Ô 5°¡Áö·Î ºÐ·ùÇØ º¼ ¼ö Àִµ¥ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.  1) CarbidopaÀÇ °³¹ß,  2) CR(controlled release)ÇüÅÂÀÇ carbidoap/levodopa °³¹ß  3) µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦(dopamine agonist)ÀÇ °³¹ß 4) COMT(Catechol-0-methyltransferase) ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÇ °³¹ß 5) MAO-B(Monoamine oxidase type B) ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÇ °³¹ß  

* Carbidopa¶õ ÇöÀç º´¿ø¿¡¼­ Åõ¾àÇÏ´Â ·¹º¸µµÆÄ´Â ´ëºÎºÐ carbidopa/levodopa È¥ÇÕÁ¦. ·¹º¸µµÆÄ´Â Àå¿¡¼­ Èí¼ö°¡ µÇ¸é Àü½Å Ç÷¾×¼Ó¿¡ À¯ÀÔ. ÀÌ »óÅ¿¡¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ ³ú¿¡ µé¾î°¡±â Àü¿¡ dopa decarboxylase¶ó´Â È¿¼Ò¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Æı«µÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ³ô´Ù. carbodopa´Â ÀÌ È¿¼ÒÀÇ ¾ïÁ¦Á¦·Î¼­ Æ亸µµÆÄ°¡ ¸»ÃÊ Ç÷Çà¼Ó¿¡¼­ È¿¼Ò¿¡ ÀÇÇØ µµÆĹÎÀ¸·Î º¯È­µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·´Â ÀÛ¿ë. ±×·¡¼­ º¸´Ù ¸¹Àº ·®ÀÇ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ BBB¸¦ Åë°úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï À¯µµ. ¶Ç ¸»ÃÊ¿¡¼­ µµÆĹÎÀ¸·Î º¯È­ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇØ ¿À½Éµî ½ÅüÀû ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Carbidopa´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸»Ãʼº ºÎÀÛ¿ëµµ °¨¼Ò½ÃÅ´.  

 * Ãʱâ Åõ¿© ½Ã±â´Â ¾à¹° Åõ¿© ½Ã±â¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ È®½ÇÇÑ °á·ÐÀÌ ³ªÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. Áõ»óÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª±â Àü¿¡µµ ¾à¹°À» Åõ¿©ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ °ßÇطδ Ãʱâ Áõ»óÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª´õ¶óµµ »ýÈ°¿¡ ºÒÆíÀ» ÁÙ Á¤µµ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é ¾à¹° Åõ¿© ½Ã±â¸¦ ´ÊÃß´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾ÈÀüÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÆÇ´Ü.  

  * Ãʱâ Åõ¿© ¾à¹°ÀÇ ¼±Åà ¿øÄ¢Àº °¡±ÞÀû ·¹º¸µµÆÄ Åõ¿©¸¦ ´ÊÃß°í ´Ù¸¥ ¾à¹°À» ·¹º¸µµÆÄ ´ë½Å Åõ¿©ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´Ü. ±× ÀÌÀ¯´Â ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ Åõ¿©ÇÒ °æ¿ì ½Å°æµ¶¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ¾î º¯¼ºÀÌ °¡¼ÓÈ­µÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ·¹º¸µµÆÄ Åõ¿©·Î ÀÎÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¹ß»ýµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Àֱ⠶§¹®.  

  * ·¹º¸µµÆÄ Åõ¿©Çϱâ Àü¿¡ Åõ¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾à¹°Àº ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ Åõ¿©Çϱâ Àü¿¡ Åõ¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾à¹°·Î´Â µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦, MAO-B ¾ïÁ¦Á¦, COMT ¾ïÁ¦Á¦ µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦´Â µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ¾à¹°·Î¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ Åõ¿©Çϱâ Àü¿¡ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ Ä¡·á¸¦ Áö¿¬½ÃÅ°±â À§ÇØ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦´Â º´ÀÌ »ó´çÈ÷ ÁøÇàµÈ »óÅ¿¡¼­µµ ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ º¸Á¶Ä¡·á·Îµµ »ç¿ë °¡´É. MAO-B ¾ïÁ¦Á¦´Â µµÆĹÎÀÇ Æı«¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, COMT ¾ïÁ¦Á¦´ÂBBB¸¦ Åë°úÇÏ´Â ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ·®À» Áõ°¡½ÃÅ°´Â È¿°ú¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù.    * Ãʱâ Åõ¿© ¾à¹° ¼±ÅÃÀÇ ¿øÄ¢Àº ¾ÆÁ÷ Á¤¸³µÈ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸, ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ Ä¡·áÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±ÇÀ¯µÇ´Â ¹æ¹ý.  ¿ì¼± ÆÄŲ½¼ Áõ»óÀÌ ÀÖ´õ¶óµµ ±â´ÉÀû Àå¾Ö°¡ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ÇÑ»êÈ­Á¦, µµÆĹΠ±æÇ×Á¦, MAO-B ¾ïÁ¦Á¦µî ½Å°æº¸È£¾àÁ¦¸¦ Åõ¿©. ¹Ý¸é¿¡ ±â´ÉÀû Àå¾Ö°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ½Å°æº¸È£ Ä¡·á¿Í ÇÔ²² ´ëÁõ Ä¡·á¸¦ º´Çà. À̶§ ÁøÀüÀÌ ½ÉÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¾Æ¸¸Å¸µòÀ̳ª Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ¿Ï¼­³ª °­Á÷ÀÌ ´õ ½ÉÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â 60¼¼¸¦ ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ´ëÁõ Ä¡·á¸¦ ´Þ¸® Àû¿ë. ¸·¾à 60¼¼ ÀÌÀüÀÌ°í ¿Ï¼­¿Í °­Á÷ÀÌ ½ÉÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â µµÆĹΠ±æÇ×Á¦, CRÇüÅÂÀÇ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ, È¥ÇÕ¿ä¹ý(Àú¿ë·®ÀÇ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿Í µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦) µîÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ°í, 60¼¼ ÀÌ»óÀÏ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ·¹º¸µµÆijª ¾Æ¸¸Å¸µòÀ» °í·Á.   

 * ¿Ï¼­¿Í °­Á÷ÀÌ ½ÉÇÑ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼­ 60¼¼ ÀüÈÄÀÇ Ãʱ⠾๰ Ä¡·á ¿øÄ¢ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥°¡ ±× ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯´Â °í·É ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦¸¦ Åõ¿©ÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ÀÎÁö±â´É Àå¾Ö(Áö°¢ Àå¾Ö, ȯ°¢, ¼¶¸Á, Ä¡¸Åµî)°¡ ÃÊ·¡µÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ³ô±â ¶§¹®. ±×·¡¼­ 60¼¼ À̻󿡼­´Â Ãʱ⠾๰·Î µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀ» ÆÇ´Ü.   

 * ä½ÄÀÌ ÁÁÀº ÀÌÀ¯´Â  

 * Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦.... ÆÄŲ½¼º´¿¡¼­´Â µµÆĹΠ½Å°æ°è°¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» ÀԱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» ÀÔÁö ¾ÊÀº Äݸ°¼º ½Å°æ°èÀÇ È°¼ºÀÌ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î Áõ°¡µÈ »óÅÂ... Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦´Â ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ °³¹ßµÇ±â ÀÌÀüºÎÅÍ ÀÓ»ó¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ¾ú´ø ¿À·¡µÈ ¾à¹°À̳ª ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÇ ÁøÀü¿¡ Ź¿ùÇÑ È¿°ú°¡ Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÁøÀüÀÌ ÇöÀúÇÑ À¯Çü¿¡¼­ Áö±Ýµµ È°¿ëÁß. ¶ÇÇÑ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¿îµ¿µ¿¿ä¿¡µµ ÀϺΠȿ°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.   

 * Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦ÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀº ... ±¸°­ °ÇÁ¶Áõ, Çù°¢ ³ì³»Àå(narrow-angle glaucoma), º¯ºñ, ´¢Àú·ù, ±â¾ï Àå¾Ö, È¥µ·, ȯ°¢ µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦ÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀº »ó´çÈ÷ ½ÉÇÑ Æí. ±×·¡¼­ óÀ½ Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦¸¦ Åõ¿©ÇÒ ¶§´Â ÃÖ´ëÇÑ ³·Àº ¿ë·®À» »ç¿ëÇ϶ó. ÇÑÆí ÆÄŲ½¼º´ ȯÀÚ´Â º´ ÀÚü·Î ÀÎÇØ º¯ºñ, ÀÎÁö±â´É Àå¾Ö µîÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³². ±×·¡¼­ Æò¼Ò °üÂûµÇÁö ¾Ê´ø Áõ»óÀÌ´õ¶óµµ Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϸé Áõ»óµéÀÌ ´õ ¾ÇÈ­µÇ¾î ÀÓ»óÀûÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.   

 * Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦ÀÇ Á¾·ù´Â..Benztropine(Cogentine), Procyclidine(Kemadrin), Trihexyphenidyl(Artane)µî   

 * Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦ÀÇ ¿ë¹ý...ÆÄŲ½¼º´ ȯÀÚ´Â ´ëºÎºÐ ³ëÀÎÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ Ç×Äݸ°¼º Á¦Á¦¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ »¡¸® ³ªÅ¸³². ÇÏ¿©, º¥ÁîÆ®·ÎÇÉ 0.25mgÀ» ÃÖÃÊ ¿ë·®À¸·Î »ç¿ëÇϸç, ±×ÈÄ È¯ÀÚ »óÅ¿¡ µû¶ó ¼­¼­È÷ Áõ·®...   

 * ¾Æ¸¸Å¸µò(Amantadine)...óÀ½¿¡ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ¾àÁ¦·Î °³¹ßµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥, ÀÌÈÄ Ç×ÆÄŲ½¼º´ È¿°úµµ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆǸíµÇ¾î¼­ ÇöÀç¿¡µµ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ¾à¹°.   

 * ¾Æ¸¸Å¸µòÀÇ ¾à¸®Àû ÀÛ¿ë±âÀü....¾ÆÁ÷ È®½ÇÈ÷ ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¹Ù´Â ¾øÀ½..±×·¯³ª ÁßÃ߽Űæ°è¿¡¼­ µµÆĹÎÀÇ À¯¸®¸¦ ÃËÁø½ÃÅ°°í, ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷·ÎºÎÅÍ µµÆĹÎÀÇ Èí¼ö¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦Çϸç NMDA ¼ö¿ëü¸¦ Â÷´ÜÇÏ°í Ç×Äݸ°¼º È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±× ÁÖ¿ä ±âÀüÀÏ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤. NMDA ¼ö¿ëü´Â glutamate¿Í °°Àº µ¶¼ºÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å³ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°ÁúÀÌ °áÇÕÇÏ´Â ¼ö¿ëü·Î¼­ ¾ÆīŸµòÀÌ ÀÌ ¼ö¿ëü¸¦ Â÷´ÜÇÏ¿© ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ µ¶¼º ¹°Áú·ÎºÎÅÍ º¸È£ÇÔ.  

  * ¾Æ¸¸Å¸µòÀÇ ÀûÀÀÁõÀº...Ãʱ⠰æÁõ ȯÀÚ(2/3¿¡¼­ 20 ³»Áö 40% Á¤µµÀÇ È¸º¹·ü)..¾Æ¸¸Å¸µòÀº ÁøÀü¿¡ È¿°úÀû... ±×·¡¼­ Ãʱâ ÁøÀüÀÌ ÇöÀúÇÑ È¯ÀÚ¿¡°Ô¼­ º¸´Ù ³ªÀº Ä¡·á È¿°ú¸¦ ±â´ëÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÇ Èı⠻óÅ¿¡¼­µµ À¯È¿. ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿Í »óÈ£ ½Ã³ÊÁö È¿°ú°¡ Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Èı⠻óÅ¿¡¼­µµ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿Í º´ÇàÇÏ¸é ¾î´À Á¤µµÀÇ Ä¡·áÈ¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¶Ç ¾Æ¸¸Å¸µòÀº ·¹º¸µµÆÄ·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¿îµ¿ µ¿¿ä¿Í À̱äÀåÁõ¿¡µµ ÀϺΠÀ¯È¿. 

  * ¾Æ¸¸Å¸µòÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀº... ´Ù¸¥ ¾à¹°¿¡ ºñÇØ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ÀûÀº Æí. ±×·¯³ª µå¹°°Ô ȯ°¢, ÇÏÁö ºÎÁ¾, ÇÏÁö ±×¹°¸Á»ó ÇǺΠº¯»ö(livedo reticularis) µîÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³².  

 * Selegiline(Eldepryl) ...¹ÌÅäÄܵ帮¾ÆÀÇ ¿Üº®°ú ¿¬°è¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â È¿¼ÒÀÎ MAO-B¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ¾à¹°. ¼¿·¹Áú¸°Àº ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÇ ÁøÇàÀº ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´õ¶óµµ Áö¿¬½ÃÅ°´Â È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢..±×·¡¼­ ÇöÀç Àå¾Ö¸¦ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¹ÌÇÑ Ãʱâ ȯÀÚ³ª 65¼¼ ÀÌÇÏÀÇ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼­ ´Üµ¶ ¿ä¹ýÀ¸·Î »ç¿ë. (¼¿·¹Áú¸°À» ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç¿ëÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡ »ç¸Á·üÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÑ´Ù´Â ¿¬±¸°á°ú¸¦ º¸°íÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù).. °¡±ÞÀûÀÌ¸é ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿Í º´Çà Åõ¿©ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº »ï°¡´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù. Åõ¿© ¹æ¹ýÀº 5 mg 1ȸ ¶Ç´Â 10 mg 2ȸ ºÐÇÒ Åõ¿©.  

 * µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦(Dopamine agonists)  

 * µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦¶õ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ´Â ³ú·Î Èí¼öµÇ¾î ¼±Á¶Ã¼-ÈæÁú ½Å°æ°è¸¦ µû¶ó µé¾î°¡ µµÆĹÎÀ¸·Î º¯È­µÈ ´ÙÀ½ ÀúÀåµÇ¾ú´Ù°¡ ½Å°æ ¿¬Á¢ºÎÀ§¿¡¼­ À¯¸®µÇ´Â °úÁ¤À» °ÅÄ¡°Ô µÊ. ±×·¯³ª µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦´Â ÆÇŲ½¼º´ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ º¯¼ºÀ¸·Î ¼Õ»óµÈ ¼±Á¶Ã¼-ÈæÁú ½Å°æ°è¸¦ ÅëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» »Ó¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´Ù¸¥ ¹°Áú·Î º¯È­µÇ´Â °úÁ¤µµ ÇÊ¿ä¾øÀ¸¸ç ÀúÀå °úÁ¤À» °ÅÄ¥ ÇÊ¿äµµ ¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¡ÀÌ ·¹º¸µµÆĺ¸´Ùµµ ¾à¸®ÇÐÀû ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ ÀÌÈÄ °¡Àå È¿°úÀûÀÎ ¾à¹°·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.   

 * µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦ÀÇ ÀåÁ¡Àº µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦´Â ·¹º¸µµÆĺ¸´Ù ¹Ý°¨±â°¡ ±æ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿Áõ ¹ß»ý°ú °°Àº ºÎÀÛ¿ë ¹ß»ýºóµµ°¡ ÇöÀúÈ÷ ³·´Ù. ¶Ç µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦´Â ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÇ Ãʱ⿡ ´Üµ¶À¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ·¹º¸µµÆÄ Ä¡·á½Ã±â¸¦ ´õ ´ÊÃâ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í Èı⠻óÅ¿¡¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ¿îµ¿¼º µ¿¿ä³ª ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿À» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â È¿°úµµ ÀÖ´Ù.  

 * µµÆĹμº ¾à¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ±âÀüÀº ... ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿ÁõÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇϴµ¥ °ü¿©ÇÏ´Â Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ä¼Ò´Â º´ÀÇ ÁøÇà »óÅÂ¿Í µµÆĹμº ¾à¹°ÀÇ ¹Ý°¨±â.. º´ÀÇ ÁøÇàÀÌ Ãʱ⠻óÅÂÀÏ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¹öÇÁ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ µµÆĹΠÀ¯¸®¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏÁö¸¸, º´ÀÌ »ó´çÈ÷ ÁøÇàµÈ »óÅ¿¡¼­´Â ¹öÇÁ ±â´ÉÀÌ ¿ÍÇصǾ µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëü°¡ ¶§¿¡ µû¶ó ³ô°Å³ª ³·¾ÆÁö´Â µµÆĹÎÀÇ ³óµµ¿¡ ¹Ù·Î ³ëÃâµÊ. ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇØ ¿¬Á¢ÈÄ ½Å°æ°è º¯È­°¡ ÀϾ¼­ ¿îµ¿ µ¿¿ä³ª ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿°ú °°Àº ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¹ß»ý.    

 * ¹Ý°¨±â°¡ ±æ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ ºÎÀÛ¿ë ¹ß»ý¿¡ ³¢Ä¡´Â ¿µÇâÀº µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦¿Í °°ÀÌ ¹Ý°¨±â°¡ ±æ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ º¸´Ù ±ä½Ã°£µ¿¾È À¯ÇØÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº »ý¸®Àû ÀÚ±ØÀ» ÁÙ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ µµÆĹμº ¾à¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ» È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¹Ý°¨±â°¡ 60 ³»Áö 90 ºÐ¿¡ ºÒ°úÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â µµÆĹÎÀÇ ³óµµ°¡ ½Ã½Ã°¢°¢ º¯È­ÇÏ´Â »óŸ¦ º¸¿© ¿¬Á¢ÈÄ ½Å°æ°è¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å´. ±×·¯³ª µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦´Â ¹Ý°¨±â°¡ 5-6 ½Ã°£ ÀÌ»óÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³óµµº¯È­¿¡ µû¸¥ µ¶¼º ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ·¹º¸µµÆĺ¸´Ù´Â ÈξÀ Àû´Ù.   

 * µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦ ´Üµ¶Åõ¿©Åõ¿© ÀûÀÀÁõÀº ÀþÀº ³ªÀÌ¿¡ ÆÄŲ½¼º´ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÑ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ·Î ÀÎÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ Àß ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ³ªÀÌ°¡ Àþ°í Ãʱ⠻óÅÂÀΠȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ Ä¡·á ½Ã±â¸¦ ´ÊÃß°í ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ» ¿¹¹æÇϱâ À§ÇØ µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷.   

 * Ãʱ⿡ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿Í µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦ÀÇ È¥ÇÕÅõ¿©´Â ÀÌ»óÀûÀÎ Åõ¿©¹ýÀΰ¡.. ¾ÆÁ÷ È®½ÇÇÑ °á·ÐÀÌ ³ªÁö ¾ÊÀº »óÅÂ

 * µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦¿¡´Â ¾î¶² ¾à¹°ÀÌ Àִ°¡ .. ¿¡¸£°íÆ®¼º ¾à¹°°ú ºñ¿¡¸£°íÆ®¼º ¾à¹° - Bromocriptine(Parlodel), Pergolide(Permax), Pramipexole(Mirapex), Ropinirole(Requip) µî.  

 * Bromocriptine(Parlodel) ¿¡¸£°íÆ® Á¦Á¦·Î µµÆĹΠ¾ÆÄڴϽºÆ® Áß °¡Àå ¸ÕÀú ¼Ò°³µÈ ¾à¹°. BromocriptineÀº µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëüÁß D2 ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ °­·ÂÇÏ°Ô ÀÛ¿ë. Ãʱ⠻óÅÂÀÇ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼­ ´Üµ¶ ¿ä¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇϰųª, ÁøÇàµÈ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿¡ ³»¼ºÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿Í º´ÇàÇÏ¿© Åõ¿©µÇ±âµµ ÇÔ. Ãʱ⠿뷮Àº 1.25 mgÀ» ¾Æħ Àú³áÀ¸·Î Åõ¿©ÇÏ°í 2ÁÖ-4ÁÖ °£°ÝÀ¸·Î 2.5 mg¾¿ Áõ·®ÇÏ¿© Ä¡·á¿ë·®ÀÎ ÇÏ·ç 5 - 7.5 mg¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϵµ·Ï À¯µµ. °¡Àå ÈçÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀº ¿À½É, ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿Áõ, ȯ°¢, È¥µ·, ÀÚ¼¼¼º ÀúÇ÷¾Ð µî.   

  * Pergolide(Permax) Bromocriptine°ú °°ÀÌ ¿¡¸£°íÆ® Á¦Á¦·Î¼­ µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëüÁß D1°ú D2 ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ ¼±Ã¥ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ë. Pergolide´Â Bromocriptine º¸´Ù ÀÛ¿ë ½Ã°£ÀÌ ´õ ±æ´Ù. ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿Í º´ÇàÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡ Bromocriptineº¸´Ù ÀÓ»óÀû È£ÀüÀÌ ´õ ÀßµÊ. Ãʱ⠿뷮Àº óÀ½ 2ÀÏ°£ 0.05 mgÀ¸·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿© 3ÀÏ °£°ÝÀ¸·Î 0.10 ¶Ç´Â 0.15 mg¾¿ Áõ·®ÇÏ¿© Ä¡·á ¿ë·®ÀÎ ÇÏ·ç 0.75- 3 mg¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϵµ·Ï À¯µµ. °¡Àå ÈçÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀº ±â¸³¼º ÀúÇ÷¾Ð. ´Ù¸¥ ºÎÀÛ¿ëµéÀº ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿Áõ, ȯ°¢, ¼ö±â(somnolence), ºÒ¸éÁõ, ¿À½É, º¯ºñ, ¼³»ç, ¼ÒÈ­ºÒ·® µî. 

  * Pramipexole(Mirapex) ÇÁ¶ó¹ÌÆå¼ÖÀº ºñ¿¡¸£°íÆ®¼º Á¦Á¦·Î¼­ benzothiazole À¯µµÃ¼... µµÆĹΠD2 ¼ö¿ëüÀÇ ¾ÆÇüÀÎ D3 ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °­·ÂÇÑ µµÆĹΠÀÛ¿ëÁ¦. ÆÄŲ½¼º´¿¡ À־ pramipexoleÀÇ ÀûÀÀÁõÀº ¿¡¸£°íÆ®¼º Á¦Á¦ÀÎ bromocriptineÀ̳ª pergolideº¸´Ùµµ ¹üÀ§°¡ ³ÐÀº Æí. PramipexoleÀº ±âÁ¸ ¿¡¸£°íÆ®¼º Á¦Á¦Ã³·³ Ãʱâ ÆÄŲ½¼º´¿¡¼­ ´Üµ¶ ¿ä¹ýÀ¸·Î, ÁøÇàµÈ »óÅ¿¡¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ º¸Á¶Á¦·Î È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ë. Ãʱ⠿뷮Àº 0125 mgÀ» ÇÏ·ç ¼¼ ¹ø Åõ¿©ÇÏ°í ÀÏÁÖÀϸ¶´Ù Á¶±Ý¾¿ Áõ·®ÇÏ¿© Ä¡·á¿ë·®ÀÎ ÇÏ·ç 3 - 4.5 mg Á¤µµ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϵµ·Ï À¯µµ. ºÎÀÛ¿ëµéÀº ±â¸³¼º ÀúÇ÷¾Ð, ¿À½É, º¯ºñ, ºÒ¸éÁõ, ¼ö±â(solmnolence)µî.  

  * Ropinirole(Requip) RopiniroleÀº ºñ¿¡¸£°íÆ®¼º Á¦Á¦·Î¼­ µµÆĹΰú ±¸Á¶ÀûÀ¸·Î À¯»ç. RopiniroleÀº µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëü D2, D3¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇϴµ¥, ƯÈ÷ D3¿¡ °­ÇÑ Ä£È­¼ºÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. RopiniroleÀº Ãʱ⠴ܵ¶¿ä¹ýÀ¸·Î bromocriptineº¸´Ù Åë°èÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ì¼öÇÑ Ä¡·á È¿°ú¸¦ º¸À̸ç, ÁøÇàµÈ °æ¿ì¿¡¼­µµ ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ º¸Á¶¿ä¹ýÁ¦·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÁÙ¿´´Ù´Â ¿¬±¸ º¸°í°¡ ÀÖÀ½. ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ¸·Î µå¹°°Ô ¿À½É, ¾îÁö·³Áõ, ±â¸³¼º ÀúÇ÷¾Ð, Á¹µµ µîÀÌ ¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Ãʱ⠿뷮Àº ÇÏ·ç 0.75 mg ¼¼ ¹ø ºÐº¹À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿© ¸ÅÁÖ 0.75 mg¾¿ Áõ·®ÇÏ¿© Ä¡·á ¿ë·®¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϵµ·Ï À¯µµ.   

 * COMT¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÇ ÀÛ¿ë ±âÀü.. ºñ·Ï carbidopa°¡ °³¹ßµÇ¾î¼­ º¸´Ù ¸¹Àº ·®ÀÇ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ BBB¸¦ Åë°úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÇ¾úÁö¸¸, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ´Â Àå°ú °£¿¡¼­ COMT(catechol-O-methyltransferase)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Æı«µÇ¾î ºÒÈ°¼º ¹°ÁúÀÎ 3-O-methyldopa(3-OMD)·Î ´ë»çµÊ. COMT ¾ïÁ¦Á¦´Â COMT¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ Æı«¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ¿© ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ¹Ý°¨±â¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃÅ°°í ³ú·Î ¿î¹ÝµÇ´Â ¾çÀ» Áõ°¡½ÃÄÑ ³»³ú µµÆĹÎÀÇ ³óµµ¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃÅ´.   

 * Tolcapone(Tasmar)Àº °£µ¶¼º¶§¹®¿¡  »ç¿ë ±ÝÁö . ¹Ì±¹Àº ´Ù¸¥ Ä¡·á¿¡ È£ÀüµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¿îµ¿¼º µ¿¿ä¿¡¼­¸¸ »ç¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ÀûÀÀÁõÀ» ÇÑÁ¤ÇÏ¿´°í, ÁÖ±âÀûÀÎ °£±â´É ÃßÀû °Ë»ç¸¦ ¹Ýµå½Ã ½Ç½ÃÇϵµ·Ï °­Á¦ Á¶Ç×À» ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ¾ÆÁ÷ °£±â´É¿¡ Àå¾Ö¸¦ ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ±âÀü¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â È®½ÇÈ÷ ¹àÇôÁø ¹Ù°¡ ¾ø´Ù. 

 * Entacapone(Comtan)ÀÇ È°¿ë EntacaponeÀº ¸»ÃÊ¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â COMT ¾ïÁ¦Á¦·Î¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿îµ¿¼º µ¿¿ä°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ ÆÄŲ½¼º´ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ¹Ý°¨±â¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃÅ°°í, “on" timeÀ» Áõ°¡½ÃÅ°¸ç, ”off" timeÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÅ°´Â ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ¼öÇà. ¶Ç ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ¿ä±¸·®µµ °¨¼Ò½ÃÅ°´Â È¿°ú¸¦ ¹ßÇö. ºñ·Ï entacaponeÀº ÀϽÃÀûÀÎ ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿ÁõÀ̳ª ¿À½É µîÀ» À¯¹ßÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ È¯ÀÚ°¡ °ßµ®³¾ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, È°·Â ¡Èijª ÀÌÇÐÀû °Ë»ç»ó Ưº°ÇÑ ÀÌ»óÀ» º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÇöÀç ÀÓ»óÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Åõ¿© ¿ë·®Àº ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ Åõ¿©ÇÒ ¶§¸¶´Ù 200 mg¾¿ Åõ¿©ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ¸ç °æ¿ì¿¡ µû¶ó¼­ 1600 mg±îÁö Áõ·®ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ¸·Î ¾Õ¼­ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿Áõ, ¿À½É ¿Ü¿¡µµ ÀúÇ÷¾Ð, sedation, µÎÅë, º¯ºñ, ¼³»ç µîÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.   

 * ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬ ´ë»ç °úÁ¤Àº µµÆĹÎÀº ³úÇ÷°ü À庮À» Åë°úÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼­ Åõ¿©Çصµ ³ú¿¡ Èí¼öµÇÁö ¸øÇÔ. ±×·¯³ª ·¹º¸µµÆÄ´Â µµÆĹÎÀÇ Àü±¸¹°Áú·Î¼­ ³úÇ÷°ü À庮À» Åë°úÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÆÄŲ½¼º´ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î Åõ¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ °æ±¸·Î Åõ¿©µÈ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ´Â Àå¿¡¼­ Èí¼öµÇ´Âµ¥ ÀÌÁß 95% ÀÌ»óÀº ³ú·Î µé¾î°¡±â Àü¿¡ µµÆĹÎÀ¸·Î º¯È­µÊ. ±×·± °ü°è·Î ºÒ°ú 1% À̳»ÀÇ ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¸ÀÌ ³úÇ÷°ü À庮À» Åë°úÇÏ¿© ¼±Á¶Ã¼ Á¶Á÷¿¡ À¯ÀÔµÊ.   

 * Carbidopa¶õ Carbidopa´Â ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ µµÆĹÎÀ¸·Î º¯È­½ÃÅ°´Â È¿¼ÒÀÎ dopa decarboxylase¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ¹°Áú·Î¼­ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ µµÆĹÎÀ¸·Î ´ë»çµÇÁö ¾Ê°í ¸¹Àº ·®ÀÌ ³ú¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇØ ÁÜ. ±×·¡¼­ ÇöÀç ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ Á¦Á¦´Â carbidopa¿Í °°Àº dopa decarboxylase°¡ È¥ÇÕµÈ »óÅ·ΠÁ¦Á¶µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Carbidopa´Â µµÆĹο¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â ¿À½É, ±¸Åä, ÀúÇ÷¾Ð, ºó¸Æ, ¿À·»Áö»ö ¿ÀÁÜ µîÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â È¿°úµµ ÀÖ´Ù.   

 * ¸»Ãʼº µµÆĹο¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ¿À½É°ú ±¸Åä°¡ ÀϾ´Â ±âÀüÀº ¿À½É°ú ±¸Åä°¡ ÀϾ·Á¸é ³úÀÇ ±¸Åä ¼¾ÅÍ°¡ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÇؾßÇϳª µµÆĹÎÀº ³úÇ÷°ü À庮À» Åë°úÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Âµ¥ ¾î¶»°Ô ¿À½É, ±¸Å並 À¯¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÌÀ¯´Â ±¸Åä ¼¾ÅÍ°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¿¬¼öÀÇ area postrema¿¡´Â ³úÇ÷°ü À庮ÀÌ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ µµÆĹÎÀÌ ½±°Ô µé¾î°¡¼­ ¿À½É°ú ±¸Å並 À¯¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Í...   

 * ¿À½É, ±¸Å並 ¿¹¹æÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â carbidopaÀÇ ÀûÁ¤·®Àº ¸»ÃÊÀÇ dopa decarboxylase´Â carbidopa¸¦ ÇÏ·ç 70 ³»Áö 100 mg Åõ¿©ÇÒ ¶§ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ïÁ¦°¡ °¡´É. ÀÌ ³óµµ ÀÌÇÏ·Î Åõ¿©ÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¿À½É, ±¸Åä µîÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÇöÀç ½ÃÁß¿¡ ³ª¿ÍÀÖ´Â ·¹º¸µµÆÄ Á¦Á¦´Â carbidopa¸¦ 20 ³»Áö 25 mg ÇÔÀ¯ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ Àû¾îµµ ¼¼ ¹ø Á¤µµ º¹¿ëÇØ¾ß ÀûÁ¤³óµµ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.   

 * ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ Ä¡·á ½ÃÀÛ ½ÃÁ¡Àº »êÈ­ ½ºÆ®·¹½º °¡¼³¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¸é ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ µµÆĹÎÀ¸·Î º¯È­µÉ ¼ö·Ï ´õ ¸¹Àº À¯¸®±â°¡ »ý¼ºµÇ¾î ¼¼Æ÷µ¶¼ºÀ» À¯¹ßÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. À̸¦ µÞ¹ÞħÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸ °á°ú·Î¼­´Â ·¹º¸µµÆÄ Åõ¿© ±â°£ÀÌ ±ä ±×·ì¿¡¼­ Ä¡·á ±â°£ÀÌ ÂªÀº ±×·ìº¸´Ù ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¹ß»ýµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÇöÀç±îÁö ·¹º¸µµÆÄ°¡ ½Å°æÁ¶Á÷¿¡ µ¶¼º ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÇÏ´Â Áö ¿©ºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ È®½ÇÈ÷ ¹àÇôÁø ¹Ù´Â ¾ø´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Àü¹® ÀÇÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÌ µ¶¼ºÀÌ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ¿© ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ» ¿¹¹æÇϱâ À§ÇØ °¡±ÞÀû Åõ¿© ½Ã±â¸¦ ´ÊÃß°í °¡´ÉÇÑ ³·Àº ¿ë·®À¸·Î Åõ¿©ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ ÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½. ±×·¯³ª ÀϺΠÀÇÇÐÀÚµéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷ È®½ÇÄ¡ ¾ÊÀº Çм³À» ¹è°æÀ¸·Î ¾à¹° Åõ¿©¸¦ Á¦ÇÑÇÏ¿© ȯÀÚÀÇ »îÀÇ ÁúÀ» ÀúÇϽÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀº ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°íµµÇÔ.    

 * ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Åõ¿© ¹æ¹ýÀº ·¹º¸µµÆÄ´Â Ãʱ⿡ 25/100¸¦ ÇÏ·ç µÎ ¹øÀ¸·Î ºÐº¹. ±×¸®°í 4-7Àϸ¶´Ù 1/2 table¾¿ Áõ·®. ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ ³Ê¹« ºü¸£°Ô Áõ·®½ÃÅ°¸é ¿À½É, ¾îÁö·³Áõ, ºÒ¸éÁõ, ½Å°æ°ú¹Î, ºÒƯÁ¤ÇÑ Á¤½ÅÀå¾Ö µîÀÌ ¹ß»ýµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.   * ȯÀÚ°¡ ÀÓÀÇ·Î ¾à¹° Á¶Á¤Çؼ­´Â À§ÇèÇÏ´Ù. Àå±âÀûÀ¸·Î ¾à¹°À» º¹¿ëÇÏ´Ùº¸¸é ȯÀÚ°¡ ¾à¹°À» ÀÓÀÇ·Î Á¶Á¤ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ °£È¤ ¹ß»ýµÊ. ȯÀÚµéÀº ¾à¹° Ä¡·á¿¡ ±âº» Áö½ÄÀÌ ¾ø´Â °ü°è·Î ¾à¹°À» Áõ·®½ÃÄÑ¸é º»ÀÎÀÇ Áõ»óÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÇØ¼ÒµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏÁö¸¸ ·¹º¸µµÆÄ·Î ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ Áõ»óÀ» °³¼±½ÃÅ°´Â ¾î·Æ´Ù. ´õ¿íÀ̳ª ·¹º¸µµÆÄ·Î ÀÎÇØ ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿ÁõÀ» ¾à·®ÀÌ Àû¾î¼­ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â Áõ»óÀ¸·Î ¿ÀÀÎÇÏ¿© ÇԺηΠ¾àÀ» Áõ·®½ÃÅ°´Â ¿ì¸¦ ¹üÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ÀÓÀÇ·Î ¾à¹°À» Á¶ÀýÇϸé Áõ»óÀ» ´õ¿í ¾ÇÈ­½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, º´ÀÇ ÁøÇàÀ» ÃËÁø½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¾à¹°ÀÇ Á¶Á¤Àº ¹Ýµå½Ã ÀÇ»çÀÇ Áö½Ã¿¡ µû¸£µµ·Ï Ç϶ó.  * Carbidopa/LevodopaÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ë °¡Àå ÈçÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ¸·Î ÀÌ»ó¿îµ¿, ÀÎÁö±â´É Àå¾Ö, ¿À½É, ±¸Åä, ½ÉºÎÁ¤¸Æ, ±â¸³¼º ÀúÇ÷¾Ð, on-off Çö»ó, ¾îÁö·³Áõ µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.    

 * ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ CR Á¦Á¦(Controlled release form) ·¹º¸µµÆÄ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿îµ¿µ¿¿ä°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ ¸ð¸§..´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀæÀº ·¹º¸µµÆÄÀÇ ³óµµ º¯È­¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëüÀÇ º¯È­°¡ ÁÖµÈ ±âÀüÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤. º¸´Ù Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ À¯¸®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ¹æ¹ýµé Áß ÇöÀç ÀÓ»ó¿¡¼­ È°¿ëµÇ°í Àִ°ÍÀº CRÇüÅÂÀÇ ¾àÁ¦. CR ÇüÅ´ ·¹±Ö¶ó Çüź¸´Ù ´õ ±ä½Ã°£µ¿¾È ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ ³óµµ·Î ·¹º¸µµÆĸ¦ À¯¸®Çϵµ·Ï °³¹ßµÈ Á¦Ç°. ·¹±Ö¶ó ÇüÅÂ¿Í CR ÇüŸ¦ ºñ±³¿¬±¸ÇÑ °á°ú, ¿îµ¿µ¿¿äÀÇ ¹ß»ýÀº µÎ ±º°£¿¡ Ưº°ÇÑ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾ø¾úÀ¸³ª ÀÏ»ó»ýÈ° È°µ¿Àº CR ÇüÅÂÀÇ ¾à¹°À» Åõ¿©ÇÑ ±ºÀÌ ´õ ÁÁÀº °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³².  

* ³»°úÀû Ä¡·áÀÇ ¹Ì·¡ ¿¬±¸ ¹æÇâ  

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**Àå³»¼¼±Õ-Àå°ü±æÀÌ-½Å°æ¼öÃÊ ¸ðµ¨ : ½Ä´ÜÀÌ ³ú, Àå-³úÀÇ »óÈ£ ÀÚ±Ø-µ¿½Ã¼ºÀå-ÀûÀýÇÑ µµÆĹΠ³óµµ-ÀÎÁö±â´É¿¡ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿ä, ±×·¯³ª Àå³»À¯Çؼ¼±ÕÁõ½Ä/À¯ÀÍ±Õ °¨¼Ò(Dysbiosis)Àº ½Å°æ, ´ë»ç, ¸é¿ª µî °¢°¢ ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ ´Ü°è¿¡¼­ ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ¹æÇØÇÏ¿© Á¤½ÅÁúȯÀ» ¾ß±âÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½....À¯ÀÍ±Õ Áõ°­ °í·Á ¾øÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ÇÕ¼º Ç×»ýÁ¦ : ´Ü 1ÄÚ½º Åõ¿©·Îµµ 1.4¹è, 2-5ÄÚ½ºÅõ¿©½Ã´Â ¹«·Á 1.56¹è ÀÌ»ó ½Å°æ-´ë»ç-¸é¿ª °æ·Î ÀÌ»ó°úÁ¤À» ÅëÇØ Á¤½Åº´±îÁö´Â ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸ ¿ì¿ï/ºÒ¾ÈÁõÀ» ¾ß±â.. ÇǺιßÁø/¼³»ç/¼ÒÈ­ºÒ·®µî ºÎÀÛ¿ë ¿Ü¿¡µµ Ç×»ýÁ¦·Î ÃÊ·¡µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Àå-³ú Ä¿³¼¼Ç °ü·Ã Á¤½Å°úÀû Áúȯµé·Î¼­´Â .....ºÒ¾È/°øȲ -¿ì¿ïÁõ, Á¤½Åº´, ¼¶¸Áµµ À¯¹ß °¡´É((¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ºÒ±ÕÇüÀº »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î Ç×»ýÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´ú ÀÏÀ¸Å°Áö¸¸ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â ÇÙ½ÉÀº µµÆĹΠºÒ±ÕÇü[µµÆĹΠºÐºñ°¡ ÀûÁ¤¼±À» À¯ÁöÇÏ´Ù°¡ ÀϽà »ó½Â½Ã ³î¶÷-°¨»ç-¸¸Á· µî ¹ÝÀÀ À¯¹ß] : ±×·¯³ª, Æò±Õ ³óµµÀÇ °¨¼Ò, ¶Ç´Â °ú´Ù½Ã´Â ¿ì¿ï, ¼ö¸éÀå¾Ö, ºÒ¾È ºÐ³ë- Ž½Ä, Áßµ¶, °ø°Ý¼ºÁõ´ë, ¹«°ü½É/¹«Ç¥Á¤, ¼º¿å°¨Åð, ¸¸¼ºÇÇ·Î, ÀÚ»ìÃ浿, ÆÄŲ½¼º´/Ä¡¸Å ¹ß»ý,... µµÆĹλý¼º¼¼Æ÷´Â ³ú½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷160¾ï°³Áß¿¡¼­ °íÀÛ 40¸¸°³»ÓÀ¸·Î¼­ ventrotegmental area(VTA), Èæ»öÁúÀÇ Pars compacta(SNc),  ventral periaqueductal grey(VPG), ½Ã»óÇϺΠÀϺο¡¸¸ ºÐÆ÷...(º¸»ó±âÀü¿¡ Àͼ÷ÇØÁ® ÀÖ´Â, ´ç¿¬È÷ º¸»óÀÌ ÁÖ¾îÁö´Â °æ¿ì)³ë·Â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇÕ´çÇÑ º¸»óÀ̶󵵠 µµÆĹΠÀ¯¸®·® Áõ°¡´Â »ç¶óÁü(=»ó´ëÀû ºÒ¸¸ ´©Àû)

@Ä«Å×ÄݾƹÎ/µµÆĹΠ(¶Ç´Â ±×µéÀÇ ¼ö¿ëü) º§ Ä¿ºê ¸ðµ¨ : **µµÆĹΠ°áÇÌ/°ú´Ù½Ã °øÅëÀû Ư¡Àº Brain Fog +depression....

==CA/DA ¶Ç´Â ±×µé ¼ö¿ëüÀÇ ÀúÇÏ(COMTÈ°¼ºÁõ°¡ °á°úµµ µ¿ÀÏ) : ADD/ADHD, ºÐ³ë/Ã浿°æÇâ, °íÀ§Çè Çൿ, ¼ö¸é°ú´Ù, À½½Ä°¥¸Á, ¾à¹°³²¿ë/Áßµ¶, 

==CA/DA ¶Ç´Â ±×µéÀÇ ¼ö¿ëüÀÇ °ú´Ù »ó½Â (COMTÈ°¼º¾ïÁ¦ °á°ú): SPR, °ø°Ý¼º/Æø·Â¼º, ¼¶¸Á/¸Á»ó, ºÒ¾È/±Ù½É/°øȲ, ¸Á»ó, µ¿°è/°íÇ÷¾Ð, ¼ö¸éÀå¾Ö, ¸¸¼ºÅëÁõ    

.......COMT´Â ¹ÝÀÀ¼Óµµ°¡ MAOº¸´Ù ´À¸®Áö¸¸ °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î º¼ ¶§ monoamine(¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ, µµÆĹÎ, NE) oxidaseó·³ ÀÛ¿ë 

......µµÆĹΰáÇÌÁõ»ó±ºÀº »ó´ëÀû °áÇÌÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½...¿¹>µµÆĹÎÀúÇÏ, ¶Ç´Â Á¤»óµµÆĹÎ+¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ»ó½Â¿¡¼­µµ ¾ß±âµÊ.....**¸¸Á·/Çູ°¨¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °áÁ¤¿äÀÎÀº ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñº¸´Ù µµÆĹÎÀÌ ´õ °áÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½....µµÆĹΠ°áÇÌ/°ú´Ù½Ã °øÅëÀû Ư¡Àº Brain Fog +depression....À½½Ä°¥¸ÁÀº ÀúÇ÷´ç¶§¹®ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª ±× Àú¸é¿¡´Â ½ÇÁö·Î´Â °áÆËµÈ µµÆĹÎÀ» ¿Ã·Á´Þ¶ó°í ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ½º¸¶Æ®Æù Áßµ¶µµ ºÎ´ã½º·´Áö ¾ÊÀº °ü°è¸¦ ÅëÇØ ½º¸¶ÀÏ ¸¶Å©¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ¼­ ³»ÀûÀÎ ¸¸Á·À» ¾ò°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â, Áï µµÆĹÎÀ» ÀϽÃÀûÀ¸·Î ¿Ã¸®·Á´Â ³ë·ÂÀÓ --->ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¸ð³ë¾Æ¹ÎÀ» Á÷Á¢ Åõ¿©Çϰųª NA¶Ç´Â 5HT ÀçÈí¼öÂ÷´ÜÁ¦¸¦ ¾²¸é ¿ì¿ïÁõÀÌ ¼Ò½ÇµÇ´Â ±âÀüÀÓ..

**SNS¼ÒÅë¿¡ ²ø¸®´Â (Áßµ¶)ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¿ë³³°ú ȯ¿µÀÇ °Ý·Á³ª »ðÈ­¸¦ ´ëÇÒ ¶§ ¸¶Ä¡ Çã±×³ª ¹Ì¼Ò°°Àº ´À³¦°ú ÇÔ²² µµÆĹλó½ÂÀ» Ã˹ßÇϱ⠶§¹®....Å×½ºÅ佺Å×·ÐÀº ¿¡½ºÆ®·Î°Õº¸´Ù Á»´õ °­ÇÏ°Ô µµÆĹο¡ ´ëÇØ ¾ïÁ¦Àû Á¶ÀýÀÛ¿ëÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»±â¶§¹®¿¡ ³²¼ºµéÀÌ ¿©¼ºº¸´Ù ´õ CAÀúÇÏ¿¡ Ãë¾àÇØÁö¸ç ±× °á°ú ±×¸¸Å­ ´õ [ADD/ADHD´Â ³²¼º¿¡¼­ ¿©¼ºº¸´Ù ¾à2-4¹è ´õ ¸¹°í, ³ª´Â µµÆĹο¡ ±¾ÁÖ·Á ÀÖ¾î¿ä ÇÏ´Â Áõ»óµéÀÎ]Ã浿ÀûÀÎ ½É¼ú²Û/¾àÀïÀÌ/ÁÖÀǷ°áÇÌ-ÇൿÀÌ»óÀ» º¸ÀÌ°Ô µÇ´Â °Í....ADD/ADHD´Â CA-dependent, CA-ÀÚ±ØÁ¦·Î¼­ ADD/ADHD Ä¡·áÁ¦´Â ÀÎÁö±â´É¿¡´Â70-90%È¿°ú°¡ À־ Çо÷¼ºÀûÀº ²Ï ÁÁ°Ô ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½..(metamphetamineµµ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¼ºÀû)  µµÆĹλý»ê´É·Â¿¡ ¿©Áö°¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº °¨ÁöµÈ Àû´ë°¨¿¡ ´ëÇØ °ø°ÝÀûÀ̰ųª ºÎÁ¤Àû Çൿ ´ë½Å ±ÝÀüÀû º¸»ó¿¡ ´õ ¸ôÀÔÇÏ´Â ¹Ý¸é µµÆĹΠ»ý»ê´É·ÂÀÇ ¿©Áö°¡ ¾ø´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ±×¸¸Å­ ´õ °ø°ÝÀû-¹æ¾îÀû Çൿ ÀÌ»ó¹ÝÀÀÀ» ³ªÅ¸³¿....CA°í°¥(=adrenal fatigue)Àº ¼ö¸é°ú´Ù(¼ö¸é¹ßÀÛ, ±â¸éÁõ Narcolepsy, cataplexy)¸¦ À¯¹ßÇÒ»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÇÇ°ï-ÁøÁ¤-¹«°¨Á¤-´«±ô¹Ú°Å¸²È½¼ö°¡ Áõ°¡ÇÏ°í, Çູ°¨-´ÙÇà°¨-¿¡³ÊÁö-´ëÈ­¼ÒÅë·Â-È°±â-ÁÖÀÇ·Â µî ÀÌ ¸ðµç¿µ¿ªÀÇ ÀúÇÏ°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸ç, CA°úÀ×Àº °¢¼º(Arousal)À» À¯¹ß....¾ÏÆ䟹Î/¸ð´ÙÇÇ´ÒÀ» Åõ¿©ÇÏ¸é ³ú³»ÀÇ µµÆĹÎÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÏ¿© ±â¸éÁõÀÌ »ç¶óÁü....¶ÇÇÑ, µµÆĹλý»ê·®À» Áõ´ë½ÃÅ°´Â L-Tyr,methylated B-vitamin(methylFolate), Åõ¿©½Ã ¼ö¸é°ú´Ù´Â ±ú²ýÀÌ »ç¶óÁü.....½ÄŽÀº °ð ¾à¹°/µµÆĹΠ°¥¸ÁÀÓ...Ä«ÆäÀÎÀº ¾ÏÆ䟹ÎÀ̳ª ÄÚÄ«ÀÎó·³ °¢¼ºÁ¦À̸鼭 µµÆĹÎÀ¯¸®ÀÚ±ØÁ¦ÀÓ(nucleus accumbens¿¡¼­ ¼¼Æ÷¿Ü µµÆĹΰú ±Û·çŸ¸ÞÀÌÆ®³óµµ¸¦ ´Ã¸²)....Áßµ¶¼º¾à¹°µé: ¾ÏÆäÄ«¹Î, ÄÚÄ«ÀÎ, ¸ð¸£ÇÉ, Çì·ÎÀÎ, ¸¶¸®È­³ª, ¾ËÄÝ, ´ÏÄÚƾ ¸ðµÎ nucl.accumbens¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© µµÆĹλý¼º ÃËÁø/µµÆĹΠ´Ù¿î·¹±Ö·¹ÀÌ¼Ç °á°ú´Â Á¡Á¡ ´õ ³ôÀº °÷¿¡¼­ ³«ÇÏÁ¡Çΰ°Àº °íµµÀ§Ç輺 ½ºÆ÷Ã÷ µµÀüÀ¸·Îµµ ³ªÅ¸³­´Ù.....·Ñ·¯ÄÚ½ºÅÍó·³ µµÆĹγ󵵰¡ º¯ÇÒ ¶§ ºñÂü¿ì¿ï°¨- À¯Äè±ØÄ¡°¨ÀÌ ±³´ëµÇ´Â MDIÆÐÅÏÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³²....¸á¶óÅä´ÑÀº Ç×µµÆĹÎÁ¦·Î¼­ ¼ö¸éÀ¯µµ/¹Ý¸é¿¡ ¾ß°£°¢¼ºÀº ´ë°³ °úµµÇÑ ±³°¨½Å°æÈïºÐ »óÅÂÀÓ...ÀÏÂ÷¼º¼ö¸éÀå¾Ö´Â ´ë°³ ºÎ½ÅÈ£¸£¸ó »ó½ÂÀ» À¯¹ß --->Àå³»¼¼±ÕÁõ½Ä¼º ÆÐÇ÷Áõ À¯¹ß °¡´É
**¼Ò¹æ°üÀÇ ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é>¿¡Çdz×ÇÁ¸°»ó½Â°ú »çÁö°¨°¢µÐ¸¶, tingling, burning, numbness. ¿ì¿ï/±â¾ï°¨Åð´Â »óÈ£¿¬°ü¼ºÀÌ ³ô¾Ò°í...µµÆĹμöÁØ°ú ºÒ¾È-ÇöÈÆ Á¤µµ´Â Á¤»ó¹üÀ§¿´À½..
highCA, but lowCOMT= (in Chr. stress, inflamm.mediator-like activity --- inc.Pain C-fiber sensitivity). .pain(FM)/anxiety/sleepingProblem/NotCoping
high CA -- hallucination-illusion/delusion.. SPR ¾ß±â, SPRÄ¡·áÁ¦´Â ¸ðµÎµµÆĹΰú °ü·ÃµÊ..
[CA±ÕÇü À¯µµÇ϶ó!!]
-((°áÇ̽Ã))-CA[µµÆĹÎ-NE-Epi]Áõ°¡ ÃËÁø ¿µ¾ç¼Ò>L-tyr. L-phe, 5MTHF-methylB12, cordycep, caffeine, Macuna Pruriens(µµÆĹΠÇÔÀ¯), °í´Ü¹é½ÄÀÌ-ÀÚÁÖ¸Ô±â(Á¡½É¸Ô°í Á¹¸²)......NTºÒ±ÕÇüÀÇ 20%°¡ ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿ä
-((°ú´Ù½Ã))-CA[µµÆĹÎ-NE-Epi]°¨¼Ò ÃËÁø ¿µ¾ç¼Ò>5HTP, SkullCap(¸á¶óÅä´Ñ°ú ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ÇÔÀ¯), Tau, B3-EGCG-Melatonin. CBD oil, MgThreonate......NTºÒ±ÕÇüÀÇ 80%°¡ ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿ä
---µµÆĹÎ-¸á¶óÅä´Ñ¸®µë=³·¿¡´Â µµÆĹÎÀÌ ÃæºÐÇØ¾ß È°µ¿Çϱ⿡ ÀûÇÕÇÏ°í ¹ã¿¡´Â ¸á¶óÅä´ÑÀÌ ÃæºÐÈ÷ »ý¼ºµÇ¾î¾ß ¼ö¸éÀå¾Ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù..
---¹ã¿¡´Â °¡´ÉÇÑÇÑ LED¸ð´ÏÅÍ/½º¸¶Æ®Æù(Çü±¤»ö), ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¿þÀ̺긦 ¾²Áö ¸»ÀÚ : ¸á¶óÅä´Ñ »ý¼º°¨¼Ò À¯µµ....¾î¶² °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¸á¶óÅä´ÑÀ» ¾µ ¼öµµ Àִµ¥, »ç¿ë·® ¾ÈÀü¿µ¿ª±âÁØÀº ¾ÆÁ÷ ¸ð¸§(¾ÈÀü¿µ¿ªÀÌ »ó´çÈ÷ Å­)..
---õ¿¬Å×½ºÅ佺Å׷аú ¿¡½ºÆ®·Î°ÕÀº µµÆĹμöÁØÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÅ°´Â ±âÀüÀ¸·Î ÀÛµ¿Çϴ õ¿¬ Ç׿ïÁ¦¶ó´Â °á·Ð..
===>±â´ÉÀå¾Ö¹®Á¦ Á¢±Ù¹ý... ÃÖ¿ì¼±Àº Àå¹®Á¦ ¸ÕÀú ÇØ°á -->Çص¶/°ú´Ù,ºÎÁ· ÇؼÒ-->³ú¹®Á¦ Á¢±Ù
high Dopamin --->»ó´ç±â°£ Áö³­ÈÄ¿¡´Â ºÎ½ÅÇÇ·Î(burn-out)À¸·Î ÁøÇà±â ::: À̶§, ºÎ½ÅÇǷο¡¼­ ȸº¹ À§ÇØ B+L-TyrÅõ¿©½Ã  :::¶§¶§·Î,  more anxiety/¿±»êB9B12(°¢¼º) ¹ßÇöµÈ´Ù¸é methylFolate, mMethylB12¸¦ »©°í--->±× ´ë½Å add B5, B6. Mg(ÁøÁ¤) Åõ¿©Ç϶ó..... µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¸á¶óÅä´Ñ(CBD oil, Å׾ƴѵµ °¡´É)À» Åõ¿©Çؼ­ ¼ö¸é½Ã°£À» È®º¸ÇØ ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀºµ¥, °¢¼º½Ã°£À» µûÁ®¼­ ¸Å1½Ã°£¸¶´Ù 1mgÁ¤µµ ¿ë·®À» Áõ·®½ÃÄѼ­ 7-10ÀÏ Á¤µµ Åõ¿©Çغ¸¶ó..µµÆĹΠ³óµµ´Â ¾à2ÃÊÁ¤µµÀÇ ¹Ý°¨±â¸¦ °¡Áö³ª, ±× ¼ö¿ëä³óµµ´Â ¾à2ÁÖÀÌ»ó À¯ÁöµÊ(Ä¡·áÁ¦ Åõ¿©ÈÄ 3°³¿ù¿© ÀÌ»ó Áö³ª¾ß µµÆĹΰáÇÌÇö»óÀÌ ÇؼҵÊ)
===[SIBO....functionalDyspepsia, IrritBS]====
*Àå³»¼¼±ÕÃÑÀº ³ú¼öÃÊÀÇ ¼ºÀå¹ß´Þ¿¡ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒ--SIBO(¼ÒÀå»óºÎÀÇ Á¤»ó¼¼±ÕÃÑ ¹Ì»ý¹°±º¶ôÀÌ ml´ç 10^5ÀÌ»óÀÏ ¶§·Î Á¤ÀÇ, **(¼ÒÀå»óºÎ)proteobacteria, lactobacilliales erysipellotrichales -->bacteroids/clostria(¼ÒÀåÇϺÎ)..±× Áõ»óÀº º¯ºñ, ¼³»ç, °¡½º, ±× °á°ú Èí¼öÀå¾Ö À¯¹ß...À½½ÄºÒ³»Àμº, , ¼¿¸®¾Çº´=±Û·çÅÙºÒ³»Àμº/À¯´çºÐÇØÈ¿¼Ò°áÇÌ=Æ÷µµ´çÀ¯´çºÒ³»Àμº, °ú¹Î¼º´ëÀåÁõÈıº)´Â ³ú¼öÃÊÀÇ Á¤»ó¹ß´ÞÀ» ¹æÇØÇÔ
*SIBOÀÇ 5°¡Áö ¿øÀÎ....ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ÇØ°áÇϴ°ÍÀÌnatural SIBO Tx. : *1)Ç×»ýÁ¦³ëÃâ(MGOÀ½½Ä/»ì¸ð³Ú¶ó EColi Ŭ·Î½ºÆ®¸®µãÄ¡·áÇ×»ýÁ¦...GERDÄ¡·á À§ÇØ À§»êÀ庮 ±ú¶ß¸®´Â PPI»ç¿ë) *2)À§±â´ÉÀÌ»ó(À§»êÀúÇÏ, aerophagia-Functional dyspepsia)/Hiatal Hernia(½ÉÀåÀ» ¾Ð¹ÚÇÏ¿© û³â±â¿¡ 55¼¼ À̻󺸴٠¾à20¹è Aflutter-fibÀß À¯¹ß)  *3)Ç÷´çÁ¶ÀýÀÌ»ó/Ãé±â´ÉÀÌ»ó(¸¸¼ºÃéÀå¿°) *4)¸ÞÆ¿·¹À̼ÇÀÌ»ó/GB±â´ÉÀÌ»ó(´ãÁó»êºÐºñÀúÇÏ´Â SIBO, °ñ´Ù°øÁõ, leakyGutÀ¯¹ß..¼¼±ÕÀÇ LPSÈí¼öÁõ°¡=¿°Áõ»ó½Â..Á߱ݼӹèÃâÀå¾Ö, ADEK°á¿©, ÁöÁú´ë»ç-Bvit´ë»çÀå¾Ö..Äݸ°°áÇÌÀº Áö¹æ°£-°£°æÈ­¹ß»ýÃËÁø, ¿¡½ºÆ®·Î°Õ´ë»çÀÌ»ó, ) *5)¼ÒÀå-¸ÍÀå ¹ëºê(ICV)±â´ÉÀÌ»ó
*ÇÁ·¹¹ÙÀÌ¿Àƽ, Áï ½ÄÃÊ(apple cider venegar) įºÎÂ÷, »ç¸£Ä«, ±èÄ¡-û±¹Àåµî ¸ðµç ¹ßÈ¿½ÄÇ°ÀÌ SIBO·Î ÀÎÇÑ Á¡¸·Àç°Ç/ȸº¹¿¡ ¸Å¿ì µµ¿òµÊ ...50%ÀÇ SIBO°¡ 9°³¿ùÀ̳»¿¡ ´Ù½Ã Àç¹ßµÊ
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@BEYOND MTHFR


TREATING COMT AND MAO: HOW COMT INFLUENCES THE BRAIN.....JULY 15, 2015 MTHFR AND THE GUT-BRAIN CONNECTION

Everyone has felt the negative effects of stress in their lives, yet not everyone responds to stress in the same way.  While our life experience has a great deal of influence on our perception of stress, certain genes make us more or less sensitive to stress.  One big reason why stress affects each of us differently has to do with how well our bodies can detoxify catecholamines – the chemicals of stress.   As you will soon come to learn, our methylation cycle has a huge influence on well we detoxify catecholamines.  What this article will show you is how an important gene, the COMT gene, controls how the brain reacts to stress.

Specifically, we are going to look at the COMT gene and how it influences our brain function on a daily basis.  This will give you the background necessary to understand why and how stress can change our brain.  Because the COMT system is involved in the metabolism and detoxification of stress hormones, it has a major influence on how we deal with stress.  Therefore anything that interferes with the function of COMT (and MAO) will make you more sensitive to the effects of stress!

*NOTE: For simplicity’s sake I am going to use the terms catecholamines, dopamine, adrenalin, and norepinephrine interchangeably.   These terms all relate to the same hormones/neurotransmitters released by our body when under stress.  If you wish to perform further research on your own, you will find that there are differences between these chemicals – but today I am lumping them all together for ease of teaching and understanding.

When we experience stress, many people rally to the cause and increase their performance.  Yet others seems to melt and fall apart under the same type of pressure.  How can two different people under going the same type of stress have such different experiences  The answer lies in understanding how the COMT system influences the brain. 

Figure 1Figure 1 COMT and MAO Neurotransmitter Pathway

You can see in Figure 1 the complex pathway involved in detoxifying stress hormones.  You can also see that the COMT and MAO enzymes are major players in the removal of stress hormones and neurotransmitters.  Also sex hormones and chemical toxins also interfere with this pathway, making our brains even more susceptible to catecholamine-related illness.

COMT – A Common Problem

The first thing to realize is that COMT gene polymorphisms are VERY common.  In fact, we now know that 80% of the population has a SNP in the COMT V158M gene – the COMT gene which science knows the most about.  A 2015 study published in Sleep Medicine Reviews highlights the fact that that 30% of people are homozygous (+/+) and 50% are heterozygous (+/-) for the COMT V158M allele.  Amazingly, the same research article also revealed that the COMT V158M polymorphism slows down the COMT system by 300%! And if you slow something down in your body by 300% you don’t have to have a PhD to know it can impact your health.

Since the vast majority of people alive today have genetic imbalances in their stress metabolism pathway, we have to ask a few questions:

If 80% of everyone you see walking down the street has a COMT gene imbalance, wouldn’t you expect that 80% of people would have stress-mess symptoms which come from a slowed COMT pathway

Wouldn’t it make sense that if 80% of the population have a slowed COMT pathway that stress would cause the same symptoms in each person

Don’t genes control your destiny  For example if you have alterations in the way your body detoxifies stress hormones then are you not destined to be a super stress-mess

The answer to all these questions is a resounding NO!

Remember this: your genes are NOT your destiny but they are your TENDENCY!  I love educating patients that just because you have a gene for something doesn’t mean it will be a problem.  In fact, the environment inside the body is many times more important than the genes you have.  Yet we cannot ignore that certain genes do influence how we feel.  And without a doubt the COMT gene has a massive influence on how we feel on a day-to-day basis in our modern, toxic, stressed-out world!

COMT and the Catecholamine Bell Curve

The COMT system helps to break down dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine – neurotransmitters and hormones our body releases when it is under stress.  The brain is a lot like the Goldilocks and the Three Bears story – it wants just the right amount of stress, not too little and not too much.  In other words, the brain functions on a bell curve of activity with dysfunction on either end and optimum function in the middle.  Figure 2 below illustrates this point clearly:

Catecholamine Dopamine Bell Curve

Figure 2 Symptoms of Low and High Catecholamines

Dopamine Imbalance in the Brain Comes in Two Distinct Flavors:

LOW DOPAMINE or CATECHOLAMINES – Left side of bell curve where dopamine is low; causes depression of the frontal lobe, neuronal circuits slow down, and the neocortex cannot function at normal speed.  Symptoms include:

Cravings

Substance Abuse

Addictions

Anger

Impulsivity

High Risk Behavior

HIGH DOPAMINE or CATECHOLAMINES – Right side of bell curve where there is excess dopamine; causes over-stimulation of the frontal lobe, neuronal circuits fatigue and become overstimulated, and the neocortex cannot function at normal speed.  Symptoms include:

Anxiety

Chronic Pain

Worry

Delirium

Tachycardia

High Blood Pressure

Insomnia

Paranoia

Schizophrenia/Psychosis

*It is my clinical opinion that individuals who experience “overmethylation” symptoms are actually feeling the side effects of excess catecholamines.

When the level of dopamine in the frontal lobe is balanced and optimized, your brain is working at its best.  In contrast, if dopamine levels in the frontal lobe fall too low you become depressed; if they increase too much you become anxious, worrisome and have difficulty with memory and brain fog.  Its fair to say that the symptoms many people are suffering with on a daily basis are due to imbalanced dopamine levels.  These catecholamines are so powerful that when they are out of balance, we are out of balance!

The Advantages of Higher Dopamine Levels

Higher dopamine isn’t always a bad thing like the list above would suggest.  Remember, when individuals are born with a SNP in the COMT gene (esp. the V158M COMT) they are born with a SLOWER COMT enzyme.  This predisposes them to having MORE DOPAMINE in the frontal lobe of the brain.  Under less stressful circumstances, these individuals are proven to have better memory and more brain function – basically they are very smart people!

Remember that more dopamine in the frontal lobe of the brain confers an ADVANTAGE in less-stressful periods.  With more dopamine (and norepinephrine and epinephrine) these individuals have a very alert mind, better memory and will be quick, sharp learners.  With higher dopamine levels the brain becomes more active, receives more nutrients and builds a strong neurological network.  But this advantage of having higher dopamine from a slower COMT system also carries with it a disadvantage.  When life becomes overly stressful these individuals will LOSE BRAIN FUNCTION as the level of catecholamines in the brain increases and falls off the right side of the curve.

Understanding the Dopamine Curve

While having COMT SNPs can increase your focus and learning, it becomes a liability under high stress conditions since it causes dopamine to build up to toxic levels.  Take a closer look at Figure 3 below.  You will see that there are three shapes placed along the curved line: COMT -/-, COMT +/- and COMT +/+.  These mark the different levels of frontal lobe dopamine you will find in individuals with different COMT genes:

V158M COMT Dopamine U Curve

Figure 3  Inverted U-Shaped Dopamine Curve

COMT Genes Influence How Much Dopamine is in Your Brain:

COMT V158M -/- – These individuals have a quicker COMT system, therefore they have lower levels of dopamine at a steady, resting state.  They can handle multiple stressors at a single time better than the -/+ or +/+.

COMT V158M +/- – These individuals live in the middle between a fast and slow COMT.  Compared to the -/- group, they have a slowed COMT system, therefore they have slightly higher levels of dopamine at a steady, resting state.  They can handle less stress than the COMT -/- but more than the COMT +/+.

COMT V158M +/+ – These individuals have the slowest COMT system, therefore they have the highest levels of dopamine at a steady, resting state.  They are going to have higher performance and more brain function in low stress states, but will lose brain function as the number of stressors increases.

Remember when I said that brain function is a bell curve with dysfunction on either end  Well when people with COMT genes become overly stressed they end up with TOO MUCH DOPAMINE in their frontal lobe.  This excess catecholamine activity pushes the individual off to the right-hand side of the curve, interfering with output of the frontal lobe.  This causes a DECREASE in brain function as you can see in Figure 3 above. Excess dopamine/catecholamine activity in the frontal lobe predisposes individuals to burning out, insomnia, pain, anxiety, worry and in severe cases schizophrenia and psychosis.


Basically when the body gets excessively stressed out, the COMT system cannot get rid of the adrenalin/dopamine/catecholamines fast enough.  As I’ve shown above, this makes the brain sick with too many toxic, inflammatory stress hormones.  When all those stress hormones are finished firing neurons they must be detoxified.  This means the COMT enzyme will fall behind and not be able to detoxify these hormones fast enough.  This is why all things being equal, the COMT +/+ gene predisposes us towards a phenotype of stress-induced illness.

Also as the frontal lobe and neocortex become saturated with catecholamines, esp. dopamine, it tries to protect itself from these potent chemicals by ignoring the signal.  Just like when our insulin is too high we can get insulin resistance, we can actually develop a kind of dopamine resistance.  The body ignores constant stimuli so it will do its best ignore the excess dopamine and catecholamines.  The end result is a constant roller coaster of fatigue, lack of focus, and brain fog that makes getting through the day a challenging proposition.

COMT Dysfunction and Emotions

Emotional issues and imbalances are also very common in individuals with COMT SNPs.  When the brain becomes less functional – either from stress, toxins, traumatic brain injury, etc. – then you will see a loss of control of emotions.  When the brain is healthy it acts like a baby sitter keeping our subconscious emotions and fears at bay.  Without the neocortex and frontal lobe working well, our subconscious impusles can errupt and disrupt behavior.

These emotional urges live in what is called the limbic system.  When the neocortex and frontal lobe is healthy it keeps the limbic system in a calm, resting state.  However, when the neocortex isn’t working well, the deeper emotional and fear-based programing in our limbic system begin to show up.  These deeper emotional impulses may show up as anxiety, fear, worry, OCD behaviors, ADD, ADHD, and a host of other brain-based concerns.

You may know someone who has suffered a severe head injury and noticed their personality changed almost overnight.  Head injuries damage the neocortex and the frontal lobe of the brain, which makes the brain unable to control the urges and deeper emotional patterns from the limbic system.  This is the same principal we see with COMT gene SNPs.  Excess catecholamines can cause loss of frontal lobe function and lead to lack of self-control, OCD, ADD, and impulsive behaviors.  When you give children sugar and see their behavior degenerate and lose self-control, you are watching the frontal lobe become overstimulated and dsyfunctional.  And the same thing can happen in people with slow COMT genes when they get too much dopamine inside their frontal lobe.

The brain really doesn’t want EXTRA dopamine, just like the Goldilocks character who doesn’t want the hot or cold porridge.  The brain, like Goldilocks, wants the level of dopamine to be in the middle, the sweet spot where brain function is optimized.

Dietary and Nutritional Support for COMT Issues

For diet and supplement advice, please visit my COMT & MAO Brain Support protocol page for ideas regarding diet and supplements for COMT and MAO-related issues.

Conclusion

Clearly the subject of stress is a powerful one that impacts all of our lives.  Some people react to stress in a much more negative manner than other people in the same situation.  These differences in how we respond to stress have a lot to do with how we process stress hormones.  And this has a lot to do with the COMT gene – depending on if it is going faster or slower.  This is a critical part of the methylation cycle that goes beyond just looking at MTHFR.

But just because a gene is present in the body does not mean it will lead to a disease or dysfunction.  The truth we share with all our patients is that genes are NOT your destiny, but they ARE your TENDENCY!  In other words, the genes you inherit depend on environmental signals inside and outside the body to control their function.  And by following the principals of natural health you can change the environment.

Optimizing genes and changing lives is the big idea that drives our work at BeyondMTHFR and with patients in our clinic in Boise.  This article shows how COMT is a powerful player in how we respond to and react to stress.  I have shared with you how our brain function is dependent upon levels of dopamine.  Now its clear what the COMT gene does and how common it is in our society. And you can now see that TOO MUCH DOPAMINE is as big (or bigger) of a problem than TOO LITTLE DOPAMINE.


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